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Building model
- Climatic zones: indoors (having a volume) and outdoors
- Walls between zones: having an area, consisting of several material
layers with given thermal resistance and capacity
- Radiation view factors can be considered between wall surfaces
- External wall surfaces have an orientation and slope, and reflective
and transmissive properties with respect to solar radiation (possibly
reduced by shading obstacles)
- Solar radiation can be transmitted through transparent walls and
entered into zones
- Ventilation heat flows and heat powers can be transferred between
zones and walls
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Boundary conditions
- Real time varying outside climatic conditions can be imposed:
temperature, solar radiation
- A built-in solar processor calculates the real sun position at any
time for the given earth coordinates
- Known zone temperatures, free heat sources and other known heat
fluxes, interzonal ventilation scheme
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Temperature control functions
- Time varying target temperatures in zones, which control heating or
cooling
- Heating or cooling can be obtained by different measures: power
injection (e.g. radiators), forced mechanical ventilation between zones,
solar screens to reduce incoming radiation
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Calculation
principle
- Cranck-Nicolson finite difference method to calculate temperatures
every fixed time step interval during a chosen period
- A preceding steady state calculation allows to estimate the required
heating and cooling powers
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Report
- Time functions of resulting temperatures, heat fluxes and powers in
given zones and wall nodes
- Cumulated energy consumption over given periods, temperature
transgression periods
- Animations (AVI files) of time varying temperatures in zones and wall
cross-sections
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Applications
- Optimization of energy demand for heating and cooling
- Evaluation of thermal comfort through temperature transgression
calculations
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Compatibility
- Same function definitions as in VOLTRA
- 3D solar processor in VOLTRA
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Upgrade info |
